A method of testing the quality of milk using optical capillaries

Authors

  • Michał Borecki IMIO, Warsaw Univ. Technology
  • Maciej Szmidt Warsaw University of Life Sciences
  • Michał Korwin Pawłowski Université du Québec en Outaouais
  • Maria Bebłowska IMIO, Warsaw Uni. Technology
  • Tomasz Niemiec Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)
  • Paweł Wrzosek IMIO. PW

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4302/plp.v1i1.4

Abstract

The milk quality is determined by its visual appearance, absence of adulterating substances and ability to meet specific quality standards for somatic cell count (SCC), and bacteria count. There exist several diagnostic tests of milk quality. Some of them are applicable on dairy farms, like, for example, the California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the Milk Conductivity Test (MCT). Other tests, such as the bulk milk bacterial count, the bulk tank somatic cell count and tests for adulterants like water, sediments or antibiotics, are used in laboratories. The knowledge required to successfully apply the existing milk quality tests can be rather extensive and pertains both to the methodology and the diagnostic capabilities of a given test. Therefore, there is a need for new simple and low-cost methods of milk quality testing. This paper presents a new method of milk quality classification using low-cost optical capillaries. In this method, milk quality is determined by observation of milk behaviour under specific heating conditions using a simple low-cost photonic system with optical capillaries. We show that the optical capillary is a suitable tool for analysing liquids showing high scattering of light, such as milk.

Full Text: PDF

References:
  1. El-Rashidy A.A., Fox L.K., Gay J.M.,"Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infection by detection of specific antibody titer in milk", J. Dairy Sci., vol. 75, pp. 1430-1435, 1992. [CrossRef]
  2. Reinemann D.J., Mein G.A., Bray D.R., et al.,"Troubleshooting high bacteria counts in farm milk", Univ. Wisconsin Coop Ext Pub A3705, Madison WI, 1999.
  3. Karlsson A.O., Ipsen R., Ardo Y.,"Relationship between physical properties of casein micelles and rheology of skim milk concentrate", J. Dairy Sci. Vol. 80 pp. 3784-3797, 2005. [CrossRef]
  4. McMahon D.J., Brown R.J.," Composition, structure and integrity of casein micelles: a review", J. Dairy Sci, vol. 67, pp. 499-512, 1984. [CrossRef]
  5. Dress P., Belz M., Klein K.F., Grattan K.T.V., Franke H.,"Water-core-waveguide for pollution measurements in the deep ultra-violet", Applied Optics, vol. 37, pp. 4991-4997, 1998. [CrossRef]
  6. Romaniuk R., Dorosz J.,"Technology of soft-glass optical fiber capillaries", Proc. of SPIE, vol. 6347, pp. 634710, 2006. [CrossRef]
  7. Borecki M, Korwin Pawlowski M., Wrzosek P., Szmidt J.,"Capillaries as the components of photonic sensor micro-systems", J. of MS&T, vol. 19, pp. 065202, 2008.
  8. Borecki M.,"Intelligent Fiber Optic Sensor for Estimating the Concentration of a Mixture-Design and Working Principle", Sensors, vol. 7, pp. 384-399, 2007. [CrossRef]

Author Biographies

Michał Borecki, IMIO, Warsaw Univ. Technology

Assistant Professor

Maciej Szmidt, Warsaw University of Life Sciences

Professor, Dean of the Faculty,

Michał Korwin Pawłowski, Université du Québec en Outaouais

research staff

Maria Bebłowska, IMIO, Warsaw Uni. Technology

retired, research staff

Tomasz Niemiec, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW)

Ph.D. resesarch staff

Paweł Wrzosek, IMIO. PW

Ph.D.student

Downloads

Published

2009-03-28

How to Cite

[1]
M. Borecki, M. Szmidt, M. Korwin Pawłowski, M. Bebłowska, T. Niemiec, and P. Wrzosek, “A method of testing the quality of milk using optical capillaries”, Photonics Lett. Pol., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. pp. 37–39, Mar. 2009.

Issue

Section

Articles